Your eyes are normally kept nice and damp by blinking! Every time you blink a thin layer of tears is spread over the outside of your eye (your conjunctiva) which dampens them and remove dust and other irritants.
When your eyes are open for too long the tears are not spread and so the eyes are not continuously dampened. Any tears left on your eye would evaporate after too long.
also, just to add to Jess’ answer, staring at computer screens has the effect of making you blink less often (you don’t even notice!) which can result in dry eyes… both me and my husband get this and have to use to eye drops to put the moisture back in… sigh.
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